Prevalence of oral manifestations in coeliac disease and associated factors

BMC Gastroenterology

Table 2 Factors associated with dental enamel defects and recurrent aphthous ulcerations at diagnosis in coeliac disease patients

		Dental enamel defects			Recurrent aphthous ulcerations
	n	%	OR	95% CI	%	OR	95% CI
Gender
Male	172	23.0	1		47.1	1
Female	531	27.7	1.28	0.85–1.93	59.3	1.16	1.16–2.32^d
Age at diagnosis			1.00	0.98–1.01		0.99	0.98–1.00
Childhood diagnosis
No	655	26.0	1		56.8	1
Yes	49	32.7	1.38	0.74–2.58	47.7	0.70	0.38–1.28
Calendar period of coeliac disease diagnosis
After 1999	349	21.8	1		53.9	1
1990 – 1999	221	25.8	1.25	0.84–1.86	61.0	1.34	0.95–1.89
Before 1990	132	39.7	2.37	1.53–3.65^d	54.5	1.03	0.69–1.54
Small bowel histology at diagnosis
Normal	15	20.0	1		42.9	1
PVA	186	26.6	1.45	0.39–5.35	54.3	1.58	0.53–4.75
SVA/TVA	362	26.0	1.40	0.39–5.08	59.1	1.93	0.66–5.67
Diagnostic delay
< 5 years	372	22.9	1		53.5	1
5 – 10 years	62	27.4	1.27	0.69–2.34	61.4	1.38	0.78–2.45
> 10 years	196	36.2	1.92	1.31–2.80^d	62.8	1.47	1.03–2.09
Severity of symptoms at diagnosis
Mild	186	23.7	1		51.1	1
Moderate	347	26.4	1.16	0.76–1.75	58.5	1.35	0.94–1.93
Severe	128	35.9	1.81	1.10–2.97	61.7	1.54	0.98–2.44
Type of symptoms at diagnosis
Abdominal symptoms
No	126	17.7	1		45.2	1
Yes	577	28.5	1.85	1.13–3.03^d	58.8	1.72	1.17–2.54^d
Malabsorption
No	408	24.1	1		54.9	1
Yes	298	29.9	1.34	0.96–1.88	58.3	1.15	0.85–1.56
Dermatitis herpetiformis
No	568	27.2	1		56.5	1
Yes	135	23.9	0.84	0.54–1.30	55.6	0.96	0.66 – 1.40
Other extraintestinal symptoms^b
No	598	25.7	1		55.5	1
Yes	105	31.7	1.34	0.85–2.12	61.0	1.25	0.82–1.91
Asymptomatic^c
No	660	27.4	1		57.0	1
Yes	43	14.3	0.44	0.18–1.07	46.5	0.66	0.35–1.22

OR odds Ratio, CI Confidence interval, PVA Partial villous atrophy, SVA/TVA Subtotal/total villous atrophy
^aunder 18 years of age at diagnosis
^bother than oral symptoms or dermatitis herpetiformis
^cscreened in risk-groups such as patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and relatives of coeliac disease patients
^dRemained significant in multivariate regression analysis

ISSN: 1471-230X