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Table 3 Factors associated with recurrent aphthous ulcerations and glossodynia in coeliac disease patients on gluten-free diet (n = 621)

From: Prevalence of oral manifestations in coeliac disease and associated factors

 

Recurrent aphthous ulcerations

Glossodynia

 

n

%

OR

95% CI

%

OR

95% CI

Gender

 Male

153

11.1

1

 

5.9

1

 

 Female

468

18.6

1.83

1.05–3.18

16.2

3.10

1.52–6.35f

Age at diagnosis

  

0.99

0.98–1.01

 

1.00

0.95–1.02

Age at the time of the study

  

0.98

0.97–0.99f

 

1.00

0.99–1.02

Calendar period of coeliac disease diagnosis

 After 1999

296

17.2

  

12.8

1

 

 1990 – 1999

201

18.9

1.12

0.70–1.78

12.4

0.96

0.56–1.66

 Before 1990

123

11.4

0.62

0.33–1.16

17.9

1.48

0.83–2.63

Childhood diagnosisa

 No

591

17.1

1

 

13.9

1

 

 Yes

29

6.9

0.36

0.08–1.54

10.3

0.72

0.21–2.42

Small bowel histology at diagnosis

 Normal

16

18.8

1

 

37.5

1

 

 PVA

165

15.8

0.81

0.22–3.05

13.3

0.26

0.09–0.78f

 SVA/TVA

338

17.8

0.94

0.26–3.38

12.1

0.23

0.08–0.67f

Severity of symptoms at diagnosis

 Mild

158

17.7

1

 

11.4

1

 

 Moderate

316

15.8

0.87

0.53–1.45

15.2

1.39

0.78–2.49

 Severe

111

19.8

1.15

0.62–2.13

17.1

1.61

0.80–3.22

Diagnostic delay

 < 5 years

303

13.2

1

 

13.9

1

 

 5 – 10 years

63

20.6

1.71

0.85–3.43

19.0

1.46

0.72–2.97

 > 10 years

191

24.1

2.09

1.30–3.34f

15.2

1.11

0.67–1.86

Type of symptoms at diagnosis

 Abdominal symptoms

   No

116

14.7

1

 

6.0

1

 

   Yes

505

17.2

1.21

0.69–2.13

15.4

2.84

1.28–6.34f

 Malabsorption

   No

355

14.6

1

 

13.5

1

 

   Yes

266

19.5

1.42

0.93–2.16

13.9

1.03

0.65–1.64

 Dermatitis herpetiformis

   No

500

18.0

1

 

13.8

1

 

   Yes

121

11.6

0.60

0.33–1.09

13.2

0.95

0.53–1.71

 Other extraintestinal symptomsb

   No

534

15.4

1

 

12.9

1

 

   Yes

87

25.3

1.87

1.09–3.19f

18.4

1.52

0.84–2.76

 Asymptomaticc

   No

588

17.2

1

 

14.5

1

 

   Yes

33

9.1

0.48

0.14–1.61

0

-

 

 Follow-up small bowel histologyd

   Normal

200

17.0

1

 

13.5

1

 

   PVA

134

17.2

1.01

0.57–1.81

17.2

1.33

0.73–2.43

   SVA/TVA

20

25.0

1.63

0.55–4.78

15.0

1.13

0.31–4.12

 Strict dietary adherence

   Yes

606

16.3

1

 

13.5

1

 

   Noe

12

41.7

3.66

1.14–11.76

25.0

2.13

0.57–8.03

Duration of gluten-free diet

  

0.97

0.95–0.99

 

1.01

0.99–1.04

  1. OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, PVA Partial villous atrophy, SVA/TVA Subtotal/total villous atrophy
  2. aunder 18 years of age at diagnosis
  3. bother than oral symptoms or dermatitis herpetiformis
  4. cscreened in risk-groups such as patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and relatives of coeliac disease patients
  5. dmedian of 1 year after the coeliac disease diagnosis
  6. eoccasional or frequent lapses on GFD
  7. fRemained significant in multivariate regression analysis
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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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